Other Primitive Types

Under Construction

Abstract also has some other primitive types that aren't just numbers. Some of them exists to create some abstractions with complex collections of numerical values or create type encapsulation.

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Booleans

Not Implemented!

Booleans are types that can only represent the binary values true or false. These two values are extremely important to handle conditionals or hold simple states without messing the values.

Alias	Size	Implementation
bool	1-bit	Std.Types.Boolean

let bool cake = false

if (cake) Std.Console.writeln("Yummy!")
else Std.Console.writeln("The cake is a lie!")

Console Output

The cake is a lie!

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Strings

A string is a data structure that is able to store text data. A string can be used to store and reproduce text characters easily.
In Abstract, every string is encoded in UTF-8, with characters varying from 1-4 bytes in length.

Alias	Size	Implementation
string	variable (content is heap/statically-allocated)	Std.Types.String

let string mySpeek = "Hello, World!"
Std.Console.log(mySpeek)

mySpeek = "Goodbie, World!"
Std.Console.log(mySpeek)

Console Output

Hello, World!
Goodbie, World!

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Chars

Not Implemented!

Chars are data structures made to hold a single text character. Chars value can either be set or assigned manually with a character value or it can be set by getting a character from an index of a string.
As every string in Abstract is UTF-8, every character have the same length as a i32 in memory, being able to hold every possible character of the Unicode char set.

note

Keep in mind that some unicode characters may use more than one character to be stored, e.g. "🇧🇷" = '🇧' + '🇷'.
The Char struct cannot store that characters and instead need to be used with another Char value.

Chars will also be castable from/to integers lower than 32 bits e.g. u8, i7 or u32.

Alias	Size	Implementation
char	32 bits	Std.Types.Character

to declarate a Char data type, use char:

const string myString = "Hello, World!"

let char myChar = 'U'
myChar = myString[7]
Std.Console.writeln(myChar as byte) # '87'